Crucial Bills And Amendments for IAS Prelims 2017: Model Shops and Establishments Bill, Merchant Shipping Bill

Crucial Bills And Amendments for IAS Prelims 2017: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) will conduct the civil services (CS) preliminary examination on June 18 this year. It is one of the most esteemed and toughest exams in the country. With a success rate of 0.1- 0.3 percent of the total percentage of candidates who apply, it is really difficult to nail the examination.

This article covers some of the most important Bills and Amendments which will help you for your upcoming IAS Prelims Preparation.

Crucial Bills And Amendments for IAS Prelims 2017: Model Shops and Establishments Bill, Merchant Shipping Bill

Today we will discuss the next two bills. Below mentioned is the explanation of the the next two topics i.e Model Shops and Establishments Bill, Merchant Shipping Bill.

Model Shops and Establishments Bill

The bill is a welfare legislation aimed at bringing uniformity in regulation of employment and conditions of service throughout the country.

Here are the key points regarding the bill:

• It will cover establishments employing 10 or more workers except manufacturing units
• To provide freedom to operate 365 days in a year and opening/closing time of establishment. This could mean that shops and establishments can operate 24/7
• Women to be permitted during night shift, if necessary amenities and adequate protection of their dignity exists

Salient Features

Working Hours of Employees

• Establishments are permitted to operate on all days in a year and can also decide their opening and closing timings. The Model Bill puts a cap that employees can work for a maximum of 9 hours a day and 48 hours a week, and up to a maximum overtime of 125 hours in a quarter.
• Highly skilled workers (for e.g. workers employed in IT, Biotechnology and R&D division) are exempted from these provisions of maximum working hours.
• Provision of clean and safe drinking water in the establishments.

Non Discrimination of Female Employees

• There shall be no discrimination against female employees in matters of recruitment, training, transfers, promotion or wages. Women would be allowed to work during 6 AM and 9 PM.
• The Model Bill also grants liberty to women to work in a night shift only if employer provides facilities like night crèche, ladies toilet, protection from sexual harassment, transportation from establishment to their residence doorstep.
• Establishing a simplified one common online Registration procedure. There will be uniformity in legal provisions across States/UTs. It can facilitate the establishments to have uniform HR and leave policies.

Employee Welfare provisions

The Model Bill seeks to propose a number of welfare provisions including provisions for drinking water, lavatory, crèche, first – aid and canteen facilities and employer’s responsibility for health and safety of the workers.

Employees Leave

The Model Bill entitles every employee to 8 days casual leave, one day of leave for every 20 days of work for every worker who has worked 240 days in a subsequent year and 8 days of paid leave for festival holidays.

Business

The Model law would help the small shops from the restriction of opening and closing working hrs and weekly close day.

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Model Land Leasing act

The Expert Committee on Land Leasing (Chair: Dr. T. Haque), constituted under the NITI Aayog submitted the model Agricultural Land Leasing Act, 2016 on March 31, 2016.

Objectives

The model Act seeks to legalise land leasing in all areas to ensure complete security of land ownership rights for owners and security of tenure for tenants for the agreed lease period. It allows automatic resumption of land after the agreed lease period without requiring any minimum area of land to be left with the tenant even after termination of tenancy, as laws of some states require.

It also permits land owners and tenants to determine the terms and conditions of lease mutually and facilitates all tenants, including share-croppers, to access insurance and credit against pledging of expected output.

Salient Features

• As per the act, the owner can now legally enter into a lease contract with the tenant for  use  of  his/her  agricultural  land  for  agriculture  and  allied  activities  for  a  specified period for  a  consideration  based  on  an  agreement  with terms  and  conditions  mutually agreed by the owner and the cultivator.
• The model act, once adopted by states, will overrule any other existing Act and would be effective from the date of notification by the respective state.
• Legalise land leasing, which will promote agricultural efficiency, equity, poverty reduction, agriculture productivity and rapid rural change.
• This is to ensure complete security of land ownership right for land owners and security of tenure for tenants for the agreed lease period.
• It will remove the clause of adverse possession of land in the land laws of various states as it interferes with free functioning of the land lease market.
• Allow automatic resumption of land after the agreed lease period without requiring any minimum area of land to be left with the tenant even after termination of tenancy.
• Allow the terms and conditions of lease to be determined mutually by the land owner and the tenant, without any fear on the part of the landowner of losing land rights.
• Facilitate all tenants including share croppers to access insurance bank credit and bank credit against pledging of expected output.
• Incentivise tenants to make investment in land improvement and also entitle them to get back the unused value of investment at the time of termination of tenancy.

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Over here we conclude our article on Crucial Bills And Amendments for IAS Prelims 2017. Stay tuned with us for the rest of the topic that we will discuss day by day. 

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